NRS 49.195 Who may claim privilege. 1. The privilege may be claimed by the client, his guardian or conservator, the personal representative of a deceased client, or the successor, trustee or similar representative of a corporation, association or other organization, whether or not in existence. 2. The person who was the accountant may claim the privilege but only on behalf of the client. His authority to do so is presumed in the absence of evidence to the contrary. (Added to NRS by 1971, 784) NRS 49.205 Exceptions. There is no privilege under NRS 49.185 or 49.195: 1. If the services of the accountant were sought or obtained to enable or aid anyone to commit or plan to commit what the client knew or reasonably should have known to be a crime or fraud. 2. As to a communication relevant to an issue between parties who claim through the same deceased client, regardless of whether the claims are by testate or intestate succession or by inter vivos transaction. 3. As to a communication relevant to an issue of breach of duty by the accountant to his client or by the client to his accountant. 4. As to a communication relevant to an issue concerning the examination, audit or report of any financial statements, books, records or accounts which the accountant may be engaged to make or requested by a prospective client to discuss for the purpose of making a public report. 5. As to a communication relevant to a matter of common interest between two or more clients if the communication was made by any of them to an accountant retained or consulted in common, when offered in an action between any of the clients. 6. As to a communication between a corporation and its accountant: (a) In an action by a shareholder against the corporation which is based upon a breach of fiduciary duty; or (b) In a derivative action by a shareholder on behalf of the corporation. (Added to NRS by 1971, 784) PSYCHOLOGIST AND PATIENT NRS 49.207 Definitions. As used in NRS 49.207 to 49.213, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires: 1. A communication is “confidential” if it is not intended to be disclosed to third persons other than: (a) Those present to further the interest of the patient in the consultation, examination or interview; (b) Persons reasonably necessary for the transmission of the communication; or (c) Persons who are participating in the diagnosis and treatment under the direction of the psychologist, including members of the patient’s family. 2. “Patient” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 641.0245. 3. “Psychologist” has the meaning ascribed to it in NRS 641.027. (Added to NRS by 1995, 2497) NRS 49.209 General rule of privilege. A patient has a privilege to refuse to disclose and to prevent any other person from disclosing confidential communications between himself and his psychologist or any other person who is participating in the diagnosis or treatment under the direction of the psychologist, including a member of the patient’s family. (Added to NRS by 1995, 2497) NRS 49.211 Who may claim privilege. 1. The privilege may be claimed by the patient, by his guardian or conservator or by the personal representative of a deceased patient. 2. The psychologist of a patient may claim the privilege but only on behalf of the patient. The authority of the psychologist to claim the privilege is presumed in the absence of evidence to the contrary. (Added to NRS by 1995, 2497) NRS 49.213 Exceptions. There is no privilege pursuant to NRS 49.209 or 49.211: 1. For communications relevant to an issue in a proceeding to hospitalize the patient for mental illness, if the psychologist in the course of diagnosis or treatment has determined that the patient requires hospitalization. 2. For communications relevant to an issue of the treatment of the patient in any proceeding in which the treatment is an element of a claim or defense. 3. If disclosure is otherwise required by state or federal law. 4. For communications relevant to an issue in a proceeding to determine the validity of a will of the patient. 5. If there is an immediate threat that the patient will harm himself or other persons. 6. For communications made in the course of a court-ordered examination of the condition of a patient with respect to the specific purpose of the examination unless the court orders otherwise. 7. For communications relevant to an issue in an investigation or hearing conducted by the Board of Psychological Examiners if the treatment of the patient is an element of that investigation or hearing. 8. For communications relevant to an issue in a proceeding relating to the abuse or neglect of a disabled or legally incompetent person. (Added to NRS by 1995, 2497) DOCTOR AND PATIENT NRS 49.215 Definitions. As used in NRS 49.215 to 49.245, inclusive: 1. A communication is “confidential” if it is not intended to be disclosed to third persons other than: (a) Those present to further the interest of the patient in the consultation, examination or interview; (b) Persons reasonably necessary for the transmission of the communication; or (c) Persons who are participating in the diagnosis and treatment under the direction of the doctor, including members of the patient’s family. 2. “Doctor” means a person licensed to practice medicine, dentistry or osteopathic medicine in any state or nation, or a person who is reasonably believed by the patient to be so licensed, and in addition includes a person employed by a public or private agency as a psychiatric social worker, or someone under his guidance, direction or control, while engaged in the examination, diagnosis or treatment of a patient for a mental condition. 3. “Patient” means a person who consults or is examined or interviewed by a doctor for purposes of diagnosis or treatment. (Added to NRS by 1971, 785; A 1975, 1632; 1977, 956; 1995, 2498) NRS 49.225 General rule of privilege. A patient has a privilege to refuse to disclose and to prevent any other person from disclosing confidential communications among himself, his doctor or persons who are participating in the diagnosis or treatment under the direction of the doctor, including members of the patient’s family. (Added to NRS by 1971, 785) NRS 49.235 Who may claim privilege. 1. The privilege may be claimed by the patient, by his guardian or conservator, or by the personal representative of a deceased patient. 2. The person who was the doctor may claim the privilege but only on behalf of the patient. His authority so to do is presumed in the absence of evidence to the contrary. (Added to NRS by 1971, 785) NRS 49.245 Exceptions. There is no privilege under NRS 49.225 or 49.235: 1. For communications relevant to an issue in proceedings to hospitalize the patient for mental illness, if the doctor in the course of diagnosis or treatment has determined that the patient is in need of hospitalization. 2. As to communications made in the course of a court-ordered examination of the condition of a patient with respect to the particular purpose of the examination unless the court orders otherwise. 3. As to written medical or hospital records relevant to an issue of the condition of the patient in any proceeding in which the condition is an element of a claim or defense. 4. In a prosecution or mandamus proceeding under chapter 441A of NRS. 5. As to any information communicated to a physician in an effort unlawfully to procure a dangerous drug or controlled substance, or unlawfully to procure the administration of any such drug or substance. 6. As to any written medical or hospital records which are furnished in accordance with th

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